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Boniface VIII

(Encyclopedia) Boniface VIII, 1235–1303, pope (1294–1303), an Italian (b. Anagni) named Benedetto Caetani; successor of St. Celestine V. As a cardinal he was independent of the factions in the papal…

Urban VIII

(Encyclopedia) Urban VIII, 1568–1644, pope (1623–44), a Florentine named Maffeo Barberini; successor of Gregory XV. Throughout his pontificate the Thirty Years War raged in Germany. For various…

Sadler, Sir Ralph

(Encyclopedia) Sadler or Sadleir, Sir RalphSadler or Sadleir, Sir Ralphboth: sădˈlər [key], 1507–87, English diplomat. Through the influence of Thomas Cromwell, he secured (c.1536) the favor of Henry…

Fletcher, John

(Encyclopedia) Fletcher, John, 1579–1625, English dramatist, b. Rye, Sussex, educated at Cambridge. A member of a prominent literary family, he began writing for the stage about 1606, first with…

Hampton, part of Greater London, England

(Encyclopedia) Hampton, since 1965 part of the Greater London outer borough of Richmond upon Thames, SE England, on the Thames River. It is the site of Hampton Court Palace, which occupies about…

Henry VII, king of England

(Encyclopedia) Henry VII, 1457–1509, king of England (1485–1509) and founder of the Tudor dynasty. Henry was an astute political leader. He established the Tudor tradition of strong rule tempered…

Brewer's: Henry Grace de Dieu

The largest ship built by Henry VIII. It carried 72 guns, 700 men, and was 1,000 tons burthen. (See Great Harry.) Source: Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, E. Cobham Brewer, 1894Hephæs'…

Grey, Lady Jane

(Encyclopedia) Grey, Lady Jane, 1537–54, queen of England for nine days. She was the daughter of Henry Grey, marquess of Dorset (later duke of Suffolk), and Frances Brandon, daughter of Henry VIII's…

Northumberland, John Dudley, duke of

(Encyclopedia) Northumberland, John Dudley, duke of, 1502?–1553, English statesman. The son of Edmund Dudley, minister of Henry VII, John was restored to his inheritance in 1512 after his father's…

More, Sir Thomas

(Encyclopedia) More, Sir Thomas (Saint Thomas More), 1478–1535, English statesman and author of Utopia, celebrated as a martyr in the Roman Catholic Church. He received a Latin education in the…