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land

(Encyclopedia) land, in law, any ground, soil, or earth regarded as the subject of ownership, including trees, water, buildings added by humans, the air above, and the earth below. Private ownership…

Richardson, William Adams

(Encyclopedia) Richardson, William Adams, 1821–96, American jurist and U.S. secretary of the Treasury, b. Tyngsboro, Mass. Admitted to the bar in 1846, he helped to codify the statute law of…

Hampden, John

(Encyclopedia) Hampden, JohnHampden, Johnhămpˈdən, hămˈ– [key], 1594–1643, English parliamentary leader; cousin of Oliver Cromwell. He entered Parliament in 1621, became closely associated with Sir…

McCulloch v. Maryland

(Encyclopedia) McCulloch v. Maryland, case decided in 1819 by the U.S. Supreme Court, dealing specifically with the constitutionality of a Congress-chartered corporation, and more generally with the…

excise taxes

(Encyclopedia) excise taxes, governmental levies on specific goods produced and consumed inside a country. They differ from tariffs, which usually apply only to foreign-made goods, and from sales…

Wilson, William Lyne

(Encyclopedia) Wilson, William Lyne, 1843–1900, American legislator, cabinet member, and university president, b. Jefferson co., Va. (now in W.Va.). He was a private in the Confederate army in the…

Brutus III

Brutus III15 November 1787by BrutusSee also Federalist No. 54, The Apportionment of Members Among the StatesTo the Citizens of the State of New-York.In the investigation of the constitution,…