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Marie de' Medici
(Encyclopedia)Marie de' Medici mĕdˈĭchē [key], 1573–1642, queen of France, second wife of King Henry IV and daughter of Francesco de' Medici, grand duke of Tuscany. She was married to Henry in 1600. After his...Burgh, Hubert de
(Encyclopedia)Burgh, Hubert de hyo͞oˈbərt də bûrg, bûrˈə [key], d. 1243, chief justiciar of England under kings John and Henry III. Having served as a royal minister and commander in France, he was appointe...Charles X, king of France
(Encyclopedia)Charles X, 1757–1836, king of France (1824–30); brother of King Louis XVI and of King Louis XVIII, whom he succeeded. As comte d'Artois he headed the reactionary faction at the court of Louis XVI....Hundred Years War
(Encyclopedia)Hundred Years War, 1337–1453, conflict between England and France. The Hundred Years War inflicted untold misery on France. Farmlands were laid waste, the population was decimated by war, famine, ...Boufflers, Louis François, duc de
(Encyclopedia)Boufflers, Louis François, duc de lwē fräNswäˈ dük də bo͞oflĕrˈ [key], 1644–1711, marshal and peer of France. He served under the French commanders François de Créquy and the vicomte de ...Charles II, emperor of the West and king of the West Franks
(Encyclopedia)Charles II or Charles the Bald, 823–77, emperor of the West (875–77) and king of the West Franks (843–77); son of Emperor Louis I by a second marriage. The efforts of Louis to create a kingdom f...Mersen, Treaty of
(Encyclopedia)Mersen, Treaty of, 870, redivision of the Carolingian empire by the sons of Louis I, Charles the Bald (later Charles II) of the West Franks (France) and Louis the German of the East Franks (Germany), ...Innocent XII
(Encyclopedia)Innocent XII, 1615–1700, pope (1691–1700), a Neapolitan named Antonio Pignatelli; successor of Alexander VIII. He was frequently employed by his predecessors as a nuncio, and Innocent XI created h...Nemours, Louis Charles Philippe Raphaël d'Orléans, duc de
(Encyclopedia)Nemours, Louis Charles Philippe Raphaël d'Orléans, duc de lwē shärl fēlēpˈ räfäĕlˈ dôrlāäNˈ dük də nəmo͞orˈ [key], 1814–96, French prince; second son of King Louis Philippe. In 1...Anne of Austria
(Encyclopedia)Anne of Austria, 1601–66, queen of France, daughter of King Philip III of Spain. Married to the French king Louis XIII (1615), she was neglected by her husband and sought the society of the court in...Browse by Subject
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