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Ensenada, Zenón de Somodevilla, marqués de la

(Encyclopedia)Ensenada, Zenón de Somodevilla, marqués de la thānōnˈ dā sōmōᵺāvēˈlyä märkāsˈ dā lä ānsānäˈᵺä [key], 1702–81, Spanish statesman. He was created (1736) marquis for his part ...

Jarry, Alfred

(Encyclopedia)Jarry, Alfred älfrĕdˈ zhärēˈ [key], 1873–1907, French author. He was well known in Paris for his eccentric and dissolute behavior and for his insistence on the superiority of hallucinations ov...

Artevelde, Jacob van

(Encyclopedia)Artevelde, Jacob van yäˈkôp vän ärˈtəvĕldə [key], c.1290–1345, Flemish statesman, of a wealthy family of Ghent. In 1337 the Flemish cloth industry underwent a severe crisis. The pro-French ...

Cotman, John Sell

(Encyclopedia)Cotman, John Sell kŏtˈmən [key], 1782–1842, English landscape painter and etcher. He was a leading representative of the Norwich school. Cotman studied in London and in 1806 settled in Norwich wh...

Charles of Valois

(Encyclopedia)Charles of Valois välwäˈ [key], 1270–1325, French prince and military leader, third son of Philip III and father of Philip VI. He dominated the reign in France of his nephew Louis X. On the excom...

Cinq Mars, Henri Coëffier Ruzé d'Effiat, marquis de

(Encyclopedia)Cinq Mars, Henri Coëffier Ruzé d'Effiat, marquis de äNrēˈ kōĕfyāˈ rüzāˈ dĕfyäˈ märkēˈ də săNmärˈ [key], 1620–42, French conspirator. Introduced at court by Cardinal Richelieu a...

Favre, Jules

(Encyclopedia)Favre, Jules zhül fäˈvrə [key], 1809–80, French statesman. At first a partisan of the July Monarchy, he joined the republican opposition to King Louis Philippe. After the February Revolution of ...

Caffieri

(Encyclopedia)Caffieri Fr. käfyārēˈ, Ital. käf-fyāˈrē [key], French family of artists. Philippe Caffieri, 1634–1716, left Italy to enter the service of Louis XIV at the Gobelin factory. He and a son, Jacq...

Vernet

(Encyclopedia)Vernet vĕrnāˈ [key], French family of painters. Claude Joseph Vernet, 1714–89, marine painter, b. Avignon, studied with his father, Antoine Vernet, a decorative painter, and in Rome, where he acq...

William of Tyre

(Encyclopedia)William of Tyre tīˈər [key], b. c.1130, d. before 1185, historian and churchman. Born in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and possibly of French extraction, he received his education at Antioch and i...
 

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