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Alfonso IV, king of Portugal

(Encyclopedia) Alfonso IV, 1291–1357, king of Portugal (1325–57), son and successor of Diniz. Disgruntled by the favoritism his father showed toward Alfonso's illegitimate half-brothers, Alfonso rose…

Crémazie, Octave

(Encyclopedia) Crémazie, Octave (Joseph Octave Crémazie)Crémazie, Octavezhôzĕfˈ ôktävˈ krāmäzēˈ [key], 1822–79, French Canadian poet, b. Quebec, considered the father of French Canadian poetry. With…

Kirke, Sir David

(Encyclopedia) Kirke, Sir DavidKirke, Sir Davidkûrk [key], 1597–1655?, English merchant adventurer, b. France. In 1627 he and his brothers Lewis and Thomas sailed on a fleet outfitted by their father…

Soderbergh, Steven

(Encyclopedia) Soderbergh, Steven (Steven Andrew Soderbergh), 1963–, American film director, b. Atlanta, Ga. After making short films and documentaries, he scored a commercial success with sex, lies…

Mahabharata

(Encyclopedia) MahabharataMahabharataməhäˌbärˈətə [key], classical Sanskrit epic of India, probably composed between 200 b.c. and a.d. 200. The Mahabharata, comprising more than 90,000 couplets,…

Henry I, king of England

(Encyclopedia) Henry I, 1068–1135, king of England (1100–1135), youngest son of William I. He was called Henry Beauclerc because he could write. He quarreled with his elder brothers, William II of…

farce

(Encyclopedia) farce, light, comic theatrical piece in which the characters and events are greatly exaggerated to produce broad, absurd humor. Early examples of farce can be found in the comedies of…

Howe, Richard Howe, Earl

(Encyclopedia) Howe, Richard Howe, Earl, 1726–99, British admiral; elder brother of Viscount Howe. He won early recognition in the Seven Years War for his operations in the English Channel. After the…

Sangallo

(Encyclopedia) SangalloSangallosäng-gälˈlō [key], three Italian Renaissance architects, two brothers and their nephew. Giuliano da Sangallo, 1445–1516, designed the Church of Santa Maria delle…

Salza, Hermann von

(Encyclopedia) Salza, Hermann vonSalza, Hermann vonhĕrˈmän fən zälˈtsä [key], d. 1239, grand master (1210–39) of the Teutonic Knights. A friend and adviser of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, he…