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Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David von

(Encyclopedia) Scharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David vonScharnhorst, Gerhard Johann David vongĕrˈhärt yōˈhän däˈvēt fən shärnˈhôrst [key], 1755–1813, Prussian general. A Hanoverian army officer, military…

Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von

(Encyclopedia) Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph vonSchelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph vonfrēˈdrĭkh vĭlˈhĕlm yōˈzĕf fən shĕˈlĭng [key], 1775–1854, German philosopher. After theological study at…

Gluck, Christoph Willibald von

(Encyclopedia) Gluck, Christoph Willibald vonGluck, Christoph Willibald vonkrĭsˈtôf vĭlˈēbält fən gl&oobreve;k [key], 1714–87, German-born operatic composer. Gluck revolutionized opera by…

Stein, Lorenz von

(Encyclopedia) Stein, Lorenz vonStein, Lorenz vonlōˈrĕnts fən shtīn [key], 1815–90, German economist and sociologist. He studied jurisprudence at the Univ. of Kiel and at Paris and taught (1846–51)…

Kaunitz, Wenzel Anton, Fürst von

(Encyclopedia) Kaunitz, Wenzel Anton, Fürst vonKaunitz, Wenzel Anton, Fürst vonvĕnˈtsəl änˈtôn fürst fən kouˈnĭts [key], 1711–94, Austrian statesman. He distinguished himself as a negotiator of the…

Nazarenes

(Encyclopedia) NazarenesNazarenesnăzˈərēnz [key], group of German artists of the early 19th cent., who attempted to revive Christian art. In 1809, J. F. Overbeck and Franz Pforr formed an art…

Dalin, Olof von

(Encyclopedia) Dalin, Olof vonDalin, Olof von&oomacr;ˈlôv fən dälēnˈ [key], 1708–63, Swedish historian, poet, and journalist, the foremost figure of the Swedish Enlightenment. In his successful…