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Orléans, Louis, duc d'

(Encyclopedia) Orléans, Louis, duc d'Orléans, Louis, duc d'lwē [key]Orléans, Louis, duc d' dük dôrlāäNˈ [key], 1372–1407, brother of King Charles VI of France, whose chief counselor he was from 1388…

Fouquet, Jean

(Encyclopedia) Fouquet or Foucquet, Jean or JehanFouquet or Foucquet, Jean or Jehanall: zhäN f&oomacr;kāˈ [key], c.1420–c.1480, French painter and illuminator. He was summoned to Rome in the…

Gustavus IV

(Encyclopedia) Gustavus IV, 1778–1837, king of Sweden (1792–1809). On the assassination of his father, Gustavus III, he succeeded under the regency of his uncle, later King Charles XIII, a liberal.…

Calonne, Charles Alexandre de

(Encyclopedia) Calonne, Charles Alexandre deCalonne, Charles Alexandre deshärl älĕksäNˈdrə də kälōnˈ [key], 1734–1802, French statesman, controller general of finances (1783–87). Faced with a huge…

Brewer's: Gillyflower

(g soft) is not the Julyflower, but the French giroflée, from girofle (a clove), called by Chaucer “gilofre.” The common stock, the wallflower, the rocket, the clove pink, and several…

Apollo 11 - Anniversary

Apollo 11July 20 marks the anniversary of man's first walk on the moon by Ricco Villanueva Siasoco How many movies, songs, anecdotes—even clichés—have sprung from humanity's first landing on the…

Maturin, Charles Robert

(Encyclopedia) Maturin, Charles RobertMaturin, Charles Robertmătˈy&oobreve;rĭn [key], 1782–1824, Irish author. A minister by vocation, he wrote novels in the manner of the Gothic horror tale of…

Nicolle, Charles Jules Henri

(Encyclopedia) Nicolle, Charles Jules HenriNicolle, Charles Jules Henrishärl zhül äNrēˈ nēkôlˈ [key], 1866–1936, French physician and microbiologist. He worked with P. P. É. Roux in Paris and was…

Nodier, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Nodier, CharlesNodier, Charlesshärl nôdyāˈ [key], 1780–1844, French novelist and poet. From 1824 he was librarian of the Bibliothèque de l'Arsenal in Paris. His salon was the nucleus…