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Sheldon, Gilbert

(Encyclopedia) Sheldon, Gilbert, 1598–1677, English divine, archbishop of Canterbury. He attended Charles I at Oxford and Newmarket and in the Isle of Wight, remaining thereafter in retirement until…

Adam, Adolphe Charles

(Encyclopedia) Adam, Adolphe CharlesAdam, Adolphe Charlesädōlfˈ shärlˈ ädäNˈ [key], 1803–56, French composer of the popular song Cantique de Noël. He composed more than 50 stage works, including…

Pathé, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Pathé, CharlesPathé, Charlespăthāˈ, Fr. shärl pätāˈ [key], 1873–1957, French photographer. He was the first to present (c.1909) the newsreel as a regular attraction at a theater in…

Charles, Thomas

(Encyclopedia) Charles, Thomas, 1755–1814, Welsh nonconformist clergyman. He was brought up under Methodist influence, attended Oxford (1775–78), and was ordained in the Church of England. He held…

Cleveland, Barbara Villiers, duchess of

(Encyclopedia) Cleveland, Barbara Villiers, duchess ofCleveland, Barbara Villiers, duchess ofvĭlˈərz, vĭlˈyərz [key], 1641–1709, mistress of King Charles II of England. She became Charles's mistress…

Hapsburg, Otto von

(Encyclopedia) Hapsburg, Otto von, 1912–2011, Austrian archduke and former pretender to the Austro-Hungarian throne, son of Emperor Charles I and Empress Zita. After World War II began, he went to…

Portsmouth, Louise Renée de Kéroualle, duchess of

(Encyclopedia) Portsmouth, Louise Renée de Kéroualle, duchess ofPortsmouth, Louise Renée de Kéroualle, duchess oflwēz rənāˈ də kār&oomacr;älˈ [key], 1649–1734, French mistress of Charles II of…

Croissy, Charles Colbert, marquis de

(Encyclopedia) Croissy, Charles Colbert, marquis deCroissy, Charles Colbert, marquis deshärl kôlbĕrˈ märkē də krwäsēˈ [key], c.1625–96, French diplomat, brother of Jean Baptiste Colbert. He entered…