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Richier, Ligier

(Encyclopedia) Richier, LigierRichier, Ligierlēzhyāˈ [key]Richier, Ligier rēshyāˈ [key], c.1500–c.1567, French sculptor. Most of his work is in the churches of his native Lorraine. The most famous is…

Stamma, Philip

(Encyclopedia) Stamma, Philip or Philipp, c.1705–55, Syrian-born chess pioneer. He lived in France and Italy before settling in England c.1737. There he attained a reputation as a fine chess player,…

Samain, Albert

(Encyclopedia) Samain, AlbertSamain, Albertälbĕrˈ sämăNˈ [key], 1858–1900, French poet. He was a founder (1890) of the literary periodical Mercure de France. His first collection of verse, Au jardin…

Lady of the Lake

(Encyclopedia) Lady of the Lake, in Arthurian legend, a misty, supernatural figure endowed with magic powers, who gave the sword Excalibur to King Arthur. She inhabited a castle in an underwater…

Moreau, Jean-Michel

(Encyclopedia) Moreau, Jean-MichelMoreau, Jean-MichelzhäN-mēshĕlˈ [key]Moreau, Jean-Michel môrōˈ [key], 1741–1814, French draftsman and engraver, called Moreau le jeune. He is noted for his charming…

Marmontel, Jean François

(Encyclopedia) Marmontel, Jean FrançoisMarmontel, Jean FrançoiszhäN fräNswäˈ märmôNtĕlˈ [key], 1723–99, French critic, dramatist, and story writer, contributor to Diderot's Encyclopédie. Educated by…

Massenet, Jules

(Encyclopedia) Massenet, JulesMassenet, Juleszhül mäsənāˈ [key], 1842–1912, French composer. He studied at the Paris Conservatory, where he taught from 1878 to 1896. In addition to many songs,…

Pellico, Silvio

(Encyclopedia) Pellico, SilvioPellico, Silviosēlˈvyō pĕlˈlēkō [key], 1789–1854, Italian dramatic poet. His principal work is Francesca da Rimini (1815, tr. 1856). Imprisoned for eight years by the…

Craig, Sir James Henry

(Encyclopedia) Craig, Sir James Henry, 1748–1812, British soldier, governor of Canada (1807–11), b. Gibraltar. He served in the British army from 1763, fighting in the American Revolution and later…

D'Alembert's principle

(Encyclopedia) D'Alembert's principleD'Alembert's principledălˈəmbârzˌ [key], in mechanics, principle permitting the reduction of a problem in dynamics to one in statics. This is accomplished by…