Iguala
[key], city, Guerrero state, S Mexico, on the Cocula River. It is the
communications, distribution, and processing center of the surrounding
mining and agricultural region. There are frequent earthquakes. The city is
famous historically as the place where Agustín de Iturbide, with the
acquiescence of the guerrilla leader Vicente Guerrero, proclaimed the
Plan of Iguala on Feb. 24, 1821. The plan's Three
Guarantees provided for Roman Catholicism as Mexico's sole religion (thus
confirming clerical privileges), absolute independence from Spain
(preferably under a constitutional monarchy headed by Ferdinand VII or
another member of the reigning Spanish family), and racial equality (the
right of any person to hold office). The plan was discarded when Iturbide
made himself emperor.
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