Leaders of South America

Updated August 5, 2020 | Infoplease Staff

Argentina

• Juan Facundo Quiroga, Argentine caudillo (1790–1835)
• Juan Martín de Pueyrredón, Argentine general, supreme director of the United Provinces of La Plata (1816–19)
• Bernardino Rivadavia, Argentine statesman and diplomat, first president of the United Provinces of La Plata (1826–27)
• Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentine dictator, governor of Buenos Aires province (1829–32, 1835–52)
• Justo José de Urquiza, Argentine general and politician, president of the confederation (1854–60)
• Bartolomé Mitre Argentine statesman, general, and author, president of the republic (1862–68)
• Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Argentine statesman, educator, and author, president of the republic (1868–74)
• Nicolás Avellaneda, Argentine statesman, president of the republic (1874–80)
• Julio Argentino Roca, general, president of Argentina (1880–86, 1898–1904)
• Miguel Juárez Celman, president of Argentina (1886–90)
• Manuel A. Quintana, president of Argentina (1904–06)
• José Figueroa Alcorta, president of Argentina (1906–10)
• Roque Sáenz Peña, Argentine statesman, president of the republic (1910–14)
• Victorino de la Plaza, president of Argentina (1914–16)
• Hipólito Irigoyen, Argentine political leader, president of the republic (1916–22, 1928–30)
• Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, Argentine statesman and diplomat, president of the republic (1922–28)
• José Félix Uriburu, president of Argentina (1930–32)
• Agustín Pedro Justo, president of Argentina (1932–38)
• Roberto M. Ortiz, president of Argentina (1938–42)
• Ramón S. Castillo, president of Argentina (1940–43)
• Arturo Rawson Corvalán, president of the Provisional Government (1943)
• Pedro Pablo Ramírez Machuca, president of the Provisional Government (1943–44)
• Edelmiro J. Farrell, president of Argentina (1944–46)
• Juan Domingo Perón, president of Argentina (1946–55, 1973–74)
• José Domingo Molina Gómez, Argentine chairman of military junta (1955)
• Eduardo A. Lonardi, provisional president of Argentina (1955)
• Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, president of Argentina (1955–58)
• Arturo Frondizi, president of Argentina (1958–62)
• José María Guido, acting president of Argentina (1962–63)
• Arturo Illia, president of Argentina (1963–66)
• Revolutionary Junta: Pascual Ángel Pistarini Ludena, Benigno Ignacio Marcelino Varela Barnadou, Adolfo Teodoro Álvarez Melendi (1966)
• Juan Carlos Onganía, president of Argentina (1966–70)
• Pedro Alberto José Gnavi, Argentine chairman Junta of Commanders (1970)
• Roberto Marcelo Levingston, president of Argentina (1970–71)
• Alejandro Agustín Lanusse, president of Argentina (1971–73)
• Héctor José Cámpora, president of Argentina (1973)
• Isabel Perón, president of Argentina (1974–76)
• Military junta: Jorge Rafael Videla, Emilio Eduardo Massera, Orlando Ramón Agosti (1976)
• Jorge Rafael Videla, president of Argentina (1976–81)
• Roberto Eduardo Viola, president of Argentina (1981)
• Carlos Alberto Lacoste, acting president of Argentina (1981)
• Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri, Argentine general, president of Argentina (1981–82)
• Alfredo Óscar Saint Jean, acting president of Argentina (1982)
• Reynaldo Bignone, president of Argentina (1982–83)
• Raúl Alfonsín, president of Argentina (1983–89)
• Carlos Saul Menem, president of Argentina (1989–1999)
• Fernando de la Rúa, president of Argentina (1999–2001)
• Adolfo Rodrí­guez Saá, president of Argentina (2001–2002)
• Eduardo Duhalde, president of Argentina (2002–2003)
• Néstor Kirchner, president of Argentina (2003–2007)
• Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, president of Argentina (2007–2015)
• Mauricio Macri (2015–)

Brazil

• Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil, Bragança dynasty (1822–31)
• Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil, Bragança dynasty (1831–89)
• Manuel Deodoro da Fonseca, president of Brazil (1889–91)
• Floriano Peixoto, acting president of Brazil (1891–94)
• Manuel Ferraz de Campos Sales, president of Brazil (1898–1902)
• Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves, president of Brazil (1902–06)
• Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena, president of Brazil (1906–09)
• Nilo Peçanha, president of Brazil (1909–10)
• Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes, president of Brazil (1914–18)
• Delfim Moreira, acting president of Brazil (1918–19)
• Epitâcio da Silva Pessoa, president of Brazil (1919–22)
• Artur da Silva Bernardes, president of Brazil (1922–26)
• Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa, president of Brazil (1926–30)
• Augusto Tasso Fragoso, chairman Government Junta (1930)
• Getúlio Vargas, pesident of Brazil (1930–45, 1951–54)
• José Linhares, president of Brazil (1945–46)
• Eurico Gaspar Dutra, president of Brazil (1946–51)
• João Café Filho, president of Brazil (1954–56)
• Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, president of Brazil (1956–61)
• Jânio da Silva Quadros, president of Brazil (1961)
• João Belchior Marques Goulart, president of Brazil (1961–64)
• Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco, president of Brazil (1964–67)
• Artur da Costa e Silva, president of Brazil (1967–69)
• Military junta: Augusto Hamann Rademaker Grünewald, Aurélio de Lyra Tavares, Márcio de Souza e Mello (1969)
• Emílio Garrastazú Médici, president of Brazil (1969–74)
• Ernesto Geisel, president of Brazil (1974–79)
• João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo, president of Brazil (1979–85)
• José Sarney, president of Brazil (1985–90)
• Fernando Collor de Mello, president of Brazil (1990–92)
• Itamar Franco, acting for Collor (1992–95)
• Fernando Henrique Cardoso, president of Brazil (1995–2003)
• Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, president of Brazil (2003–2010)
• Dilma Rousseff, president of Brazil (2011–2016)
• Michel Temer, president of Brazil (2016- )

Chile

• Bernardo O'Higgins, supreme director of Chile (1818–23)
• Manuel Bulnes, president of Chile (1841–51)
• Manuel Montt, president of Chile (1851–61)
• Domingo Santa María, president of Chile (1881–86)
• José Manuel Balmaceda, president of Chile (1886–91)
• Jorge Montt, president of Chile (1891–96)
• Federico Errázuriz Echaurren, president of Chile (1896–01)
• Aníbal Zañartu Zañartu, acting president of Chile (1901)
• Germán Riesco, president of Chile (1901–06)
• Pedro Montt, president of Chile (1906–10)
• Elías Fernández Albano, acting president of Chile (1910)
• Emiliano Figueroa Larraín, president of Chile (1910)
• Ramón Barros Luco, president of Chile (1910–15)
• Juan Luis Sanfuentes, president of Chile (1915–20)
• Arturo Alessandri Palma, president of Chile (1920–24)
• Luis Altamirano Talavera, Chilean junta chairman (1924–25)
• Pedro Pablo Dartnell Encina, Chilean junta chairman (1925)
• Arturo Alessandri Palma, president of Chile (1925)
• Luis Barros Borgoño, acting, president of Chile (1925)
• Emiliano Figueroa Larraín, president of Chile (1925–27)
• Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, president of Chile (1927–31, 1952–58)
• Juan Esteban Montero Rodríguez, president of Chile (1931–32)
• Arturo Puga Osorio, chairman Junta of the Socialist Republic of Chile (1932)
• Carlos Gregorio Dávila Espinosa, chairman Junta of the Socialist Republic of Chile, provisional president of the Socialist Republic of Chile (1932)
• Bartolomé Blanche Espejo, provisional president of Chile (1932)
• Abraham Oyanedel Urrutia, acting president of Chile (1932)
• Arturo Alessandri Palma, president of Chile (1932–38)
• Pedro Aguirre Cerda, president of Chile (1938–41)
• Jerónimo Méndez Arancibia, acting president of Chile (1941–42)
• Juan Antonio Ríos Morales, president of Chile (1942–46)
• Alfredo Duhalde Vásquez, acting president of Chile (1946)
• Vicente Merino Bielich, acting president of Chile (1946)
• Juan Antonio Iribarren Cabezas, acting president of Chile (1946)
• Gabriel González Videla, president of Chile (1946–52)
• Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez, president of Chile (1958–64)
• Eduardo Frei Montalva, president of Chile (1964–70)
• Salvador Allende, president of Chile (1970–73)
• Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, Junta leader (1973–74), president of Chile (1974–90)
• José Toribio Merino Castro, Junta leader (1973–74)
• César Mendoza Durán, Junta leader (1973–74)
• Gustavo Leigh Guzmán, Junta leader (1973–74)
• Patricio Aylwin Azócar, president of Chile (1990–94)
• Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, president of Chile (1994–2000)
• Ricardo Lagos Escobar, president of Chile (2000–2006)
• Michelle Bachelet Jeria, president of Chile (2006–2010)
• Sebastián Piñera Echenique, president of Chile (2010–2014)
• Michelle Bachelet Jeria, president of Chile (2014– )

Peru

• Eduardo López de Romaña, president of Peru (1899–03)
• Manuel Candamo, president of Peru (1903–04)
• Serapio Calderón, acting president of Peru (1904)
• José Pardo y Barreda, president of Peru (1904–08)
• Augusto B. Leguía y Salcedo, president of Peru (1908–12; 1919–30)
• Guillermo E. Billinghurst, president of Peru (1912–14)
• Óscar Raymundo Benavides Larrea, president of Peru (1914–15)
• José Pardo y Barreda, president of Peru (1915–19)
• Manuel María Ponce Brousset, Peruvian chairman military junta (1930)
• Luis M. Sánchez Cerro, president of Preu (1930–31)
• Mariano Holguín Maldonado, Peruvian chairman Transitional Junta (1931)
• Ricardo Leoncio Elías Arias, Peruvian chairman Transitional Junta (1931)
• Gustavo A. Jiménez, Peruvian chairman Transitional Junta (1931)
• David Samanez Ocampo y Sobrino, Peruvian chairman National Junta (1931)
• Luis M. Sánchez Cerro, president of Peru (1931–33)
• Óscar Raymundo Benavides Larrea, president of Peru (1933–39)
• Manuel Prado y Ugarteche, president of Peru (1939–45, 1956–62)
• José Luis Bustamante y Rivero, president of Peru (1945–48)
• Manuel Apolinario Odría Amoretti, president of Peru (1948–50; 1950–56)
• Zenón Noriega Agüero, Peruvian chairman military junta (1950)
• Ricardo Pío Pérez Godoy, Peruvian junta chairman (1962–63)
• Nicolás Lindley López, Peruvian junta chairman (1963)
• Fernando Belaúnde Terry, president of Peru (1963–68, 1980–85)
• Juan Velasco Alvarado, president of Peru (1968–75)
• Francisco Morales Bermúdez, president of Peru (1975–80)
• Alan García Pérez , president of Peru (1985–90)
• Alberto Fujimori, president of Peru (1990–2000)
• Valentín Paniagua, president of Peru (2000–2001)
• Alejandro Toledo, president of Peru (2001–2006)
• Alan Garcí­a Pérez, president of Peru (2006–2011)
• Ollanta Humala, president of Peru (2011–2016)
• Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, president of Peru (2016- )

Uruguay

• Juan Lindolfo Cuestas, president of Uruguay (1897–99, 1899–1903)
• José Batlle y Ordóñez, president of Uruguay (1903–07, 1911–15)
• Claudio Wílliman, president of Uruguay (1907–11)
• Feliciano Viera, president of Uruguay (1915–19)
• Baltasar Brum, president of Uruguay (1919–23)
• José Serrato, president of Uruguay (1923–27)
• Juan Campisteguy, president of Uruguay (1927–31)
• Gabriel Terra, president of Uruguay (1931–38)
• Alfredo Baldomir, president of Uruguay (1938–43)
• Juan José de Amézaga, president of Uruguay (1943–47)
• Tomás Berreta, president of Uruguay (1947)
• Luis Batlle Berres, president of Uruguay (1947–51)
• Andrés Martínez Trueba, president of Uruguay (1951–52)
• Andrés Martínez Trueba, president of the National Council (1952–55)
• Luis Batlle Berres, president of the National Council (1955–56)
• Alberto Fermín Zubiría, president of the National Council (1957–57)
• Arturo Lezama, president of the National Council (1957–58)
• Carlos L. Fischer, president of the National Council (1958–59)
• Martín R. Echegoyen, president of the National Council (1959–60)
• Benito Nardone, president of the National Council (1960–61)
• Eduardo Víctor Haedo, president of the National Council (1961–62)
• Faustino Harrison, president of the National Council (1962–63)
• Daniel Fernández Crespo, president of the National Council (1963–64)
• Luis Giannattasio, president of the National Council (1964–65)
• Wáshington Beltrán, president of the National Council (1965–66)
• Alberto Héber Usher, president of the National Council (1966–67)
• Óscar Diego Gestido, president of Uruguay (1967)
• Jorge Pacheco Areco, president of Uruguay (1967–72)
• Juan María Bordaberry Arocena, president of Uruguay (1972–76)
• Alberto Demicheli, acting president of Uruguay (1976)
• Aparicio Méndez, president of Uruguay (1976–81)
• Gregorio Conrado Álvarez Armelino, president of Uruguay (1981–85)
• Rafael Addiego Bruno, acting president of Uruguay (1985)
• Julio María Sanguinetti Cairolo, president of Uruguay (1985–90)
• Luis Alberto Lacalle, president of Uruguay (1990–95)
• Julio María Sanguinetti Cairolo, president of Uruguay (1995–2000)
• Jorge Batlle, president of Uruguay (2000–2005)
• Tabaré Vázquez, president of Uruguay (2005–2010)
• José Mujica, president of Uruguay (2010–2015)
• Tabaré Vázquez, president of Uruguay (2015– )

Venezuela

• Francisco Antonio Zea, acting president of Venezuela (1819)
• Simón Bolívar, president of Venezuela (1819)
• José Antonio Páez, president of Venezuela (1830–1835, 1839–1843, 1861–1863)
• Andrés Narvarte, acting president of Venezuela (1835, 1836–1837)
• José María Vargas, president of Venezuela (1835, 1935–1936)
• Pedro Briceño, president of provisional government (1835)
• Santiago Mariño, Superior Chief of State (1835)
• José María Carreño, acting president of Venezuela (1835, 1937)
• Carlos Soublette, acting president of Venezuela (1837–1839, 1843–1847)
• Santos Michelena, acting president of Venezuela (1843)
• Diego Bautista Urbaneja, acting president of Venezuela (1847)
• José Tadeo Monagas, president of Venezuela (1847–1851)
• Antonio Leocadio Guzmán, acting president of Venezuela (1851)
• José Gregorio Monaga president of Venezuela (1851–1855, 1855–1858)
• Joaquín Herrera, acting president of Venezuela (1855)
• Pedro Gual, president of provisional government (1858), acting president (1859, 1861)
• Julián Castro, president of Venezuela (1858–1859)
• Juan Crisóstomo Falcón (1859, 1865–1868), president of provisional government (1863–1865)
• Manuel Felipe de Tovar, acting president of Venezuela (1859–1861)
• Antonio Guzmán Blanco, president of Venezuela (1863, 1865, 1870–1877, 1879–1874, 1886–1888), supreme director (1879)
• Guillermo Tell Villegas, president of Venezuela (1868–1869, 1892)
• José Ruperto Monagas, acting president of Venezuela (1869–1870)
• Juan Vicente González, acting president of Venezuela (1870)
• Esteban Palacios, acting president of Venezuela (1870)
• Jacinto Gutiérrez Martínez, acting president of Venezuela (1877, 1878–1879)
• Francisco Linares Alcántara, president of Venezuela (1877–1878)
• José Gregorio Valera, acting president of Venezuela (1879)
• Gregorio Cedeño, president of Venezuela (1879)
• José Rafael Pacheco, president of Venezuela (1879)
• Joaquín Crespo, president of Venezuela (1884–1886, 1892–1894, 1894–1898)
• Manuel Antonio Diez, acting president of Venezuela (1886)
• Juan Pablo Rojas Paúl, president of Venezuela (1880–1890)
• Raimundo Andueza Palacio, president of Venezuela (1990–1892)
• Manuel Guzmán Álvarez, acting president of Venezuela (1894, 1898)
• Ignacio Andrade, president of Venezuela (1898–1899)
• Víctor Rodríguez Párraga, acting president of Venezuela (1899)
• Cipriano Castro, president of Venezuela (1899–1909)
• Juan Vicente Gómez, president of Venezuela (1909–1910, 1910–1914, 1922–1929, 1931–1935)
• Emilio Constantino Guerrero, acting president of Venezuela (1910)
• Jesús Ramón Ayala, acting president of Venezuela (1910)
• Victorino Márquez Bustillos, president of provisional government (1914–1922)
• Juan Bautista Pérez, president of Venezuela (1929–1931)
• Pedro Itriago Chacín, acting president of Venezuela (1931)
• Eleazar López Contreras, president of Venezuela (1935–1936, 1936–1941)
• Arminio Borjas, acting president of Venezuela (1936)
• Isaías Medina Angarita, president of Venezuela (1941–1945)
• Rómulo Betancourt, chairman revolutionary junta (1945–1948), president of Venezuela (1959–1964)
• Rómulo Gallegos, president of Venezuela (1948)
• Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, chairman, military junta (1948–1950)
• German Suárez Flamerich, chairman, military junta (1950–1952)
• Marcos Pérez Jiménez, president of Venezuela (1952–1958)
• Wolfgang Larrazábal, chairman, government junta (1958)
• Edgar Sanabria Arcia, chairman, government junta (1958–1959)
• Raúl Leoni, president of Venezuela (1964–1969)
• Rafael Caldera, president of Venezuela (1969–1974, 1994–1999)
• Carlos Andrés Pérez, president of Venezuela (1974–1979, 1989–1993)
• Luis Herrera Campins, president of Venezuela (1979–1984)
• Jaime Lusinchi, president of Venezuela (1984–1989)
• Octavio Lepage, acting president of Venezuela (1993)
• Ramón José Velásquez, interim president of Venezuela (1993–1994)
• Hugo Chávez, president of Venezuela (1999–2013)
• Nicolás Maduro, president of Venezuela (2013– )