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Charles XII, king of Sweden

(Encyclopedia) Charles XII, 1682–1718, king of Sweden (1697–1718), son and successor of Charles XI. The regency under which he succeeded was abolished in 1697 at the request of the Riksdag. At the…

Görtz, Georg Heinrich von

(Encyclopedia) Görtz, Georg Heinrich vonGörtz, Georg Heinrich vongāˈôrk hīnˈrĭkh fən görts [key], 1668–1719, Swedish diplomat and financial expert, a German. While in the service of Frederick V, duke…

Marcel, Étienne

(Encyclopedia) Marcel, ÉtienneMarcel, Étienneātyĕnˈ märsĕlˈ [key], d. 1358, French bourgeois leader, provost of the merchants of Paris. In the States-General of 1355 he and Robert Le Coq bargained…

Marmousets

(Encyclopedia) MarmousetsMarmousetsmärm&oomacr;zāˈ [key], [Fr.,=little fellows], ministers of King Charles V of France, so called by the great nobles, who were contemptuous of their humble…

Belle-Isle, Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc de

(Encyclopedia) Belle-Isle, Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc deBelle-Isle, Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc deshärl lwē ōgüstˈ f&oomacr;kāˈ dük də bĕl-ēlˈ [key], 1684–1761, marshal of France…

Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma, Prince

(Encyclopedia) Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma, Prince, 1886–1934, son of Robert, last duke of Parma. While serving as an officer in the Belgian army, he was the intermediary for his brother-in-law, Emperor…

Lothair I

(Encyclopedia) Lothair ILothair Ilōthârˈ [key], 795–855, emperor of the West (840–55), son and successor of Louis I. In 817 his father crowned him coemperor. He was recrowned (823) at Rome by the…

Hallé, Sir Charles

(Encyclopedia) Hallé, Sir CharlesHallé, Sir Charleshălˈē [key], 1819–95, German-English conductor and pianist, originally named Karl Halle. In 1857 he founded the Hallé Orchestra in Manchester,…

Scribner, Charles

(Encyclopedia) Scribner, Charles, 1821–71, American publisher, b. New York City. He founded in 1846 the publishing house that in 1878 became Charles Scribner's Sons and in 1870 he began Scribner's…